Laparoscopic Surgery
Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions within the abdomen and pelvic region. Rather than making large incisions, the surgeon makes small cuts and inserts a slender tube equipped with a camera, called a laparoscope, to view the internal organs on a monitor. Additional specialized instruments may be introduced to perform surgical tasks as needed.
Because this technique requires smaller incisions, it typically results in quicker recovery, reduced pain, and a lower risk of complications compared to traditional open surgeries. It is often recommended when imaging tests are inconclusive or when tissue samples are needed for further examination.
Why is Laparoscopy Performed?
Laparoscopy is commonly used for both diagnosis and treatment of various medical conditions. It is particularly advantageous for procedures that traditionally required open surgery. Common reasons for laparoscopy include:
- Removal of cysts, fibroids, polyps, and kidney or gallbladder stones
- Small tumor excision
- Biopsies for tissue analysis
- Tubal ligation and reversal procedures
- Treatment of ectopic pregnancies
- Endometriosis surgery
- Vaginal and urethral reconstruction
- Orchiopexy for repositioning undescended testicles
- Rectal prolapse repair (rectopexy)
- Hernia repairs
- Anti-reflux surgery (fundoplication)
- Gastric bypass for obesity management
- Gallbladder removal (cholecystectomy)
- Appendectomy for appendicitis
While laparoscopic procedures are minimally invasive, many are still considered major surgeries. It’s important to consult with your surgeon to understand the nature of your surgery, how to prepare, and what to expect during recovery.
Laparoscopy vs. Laparoscopic Surgery: What’s the Difference?
Although the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, there's a key difference:
- Laparoscopy is mainly a diagnostic tool. It allows your doctor to look inside the abdomen or pelvis using a laparoscope to identify problems or take tissue samples.
- Laparoscopic surgery goes a step further. It uses the same approach but also involves performing a surgical procedure, such as removing an organ or repairing tissues.
Due to its precision and minimal invasiveness, laparoscopic surgery is often preferred over open surgery for suitable conditions. However, complex or advanced cases may still require traditional surgical methods.
What to Expect During Laparoscopic Surgery
If you are scheduled for laparoscopic surgery, proper preparation is key. Here’s what to expect before and during the procedure:
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Before Surgery:
- Fasting: Do not eat, drink (even water), or smoke after midnight before your surgery.
- Clothing: Wear loose, comfortable clothes for your return home.
- Footwear: Choose low-heeled, stable shoes to avoid imbalance post-anesthesia.
- Jewelry & Nail Polish: Avoid wearing jewelry and remove any nail polish.
- Transportation: Arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure. During Surgery:
- You will lie on the operating table with your head slightly lowered.
- A general anesthetic will be given to keep you pain-free and relaxed.
- A small incision is made near the navel, and your abdomen is gently inflated with gas for better visibility.
- The laparoscope and necessary surgical instruments are inserted through tiny incisions.
- Once the procedure is completed, the gas is released and the incisions are closed.
The length of surgery can range from 30 minutes to up to 3 hours, depending on its complexity. In rare situations, if the laparoscopic method isn’t feasible, your surgeon may opt for an open surgery approach.